Avodah Mailing List

Volume 31: Number 163

Mon, 16 Sep 2013

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Subjects Discussed In This Issue:
Message: 1
From: Ken Bloom <kbl...@gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 14 Sep 2013 21:05:08 -0400
Subject:
[Avodah] Perpendicular schach


If the beams are placed parallel to the reeds in the matt, then the wires
are the ma'amid that holds the schach up, but they're not kosher schach
themselves. If the beams are perpendicular, then the beams (which are
kosher schach) are the ma'amid.
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Message: 2
From: Dorron Katzin <dakat...@mail.gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 13 Sep 2013 14:28:28 -0500
Subject:
Re: [Avodah] www.crcweb.org/SchachMatFencing2013.pdf


On Fri, Sep 13, 2013 at 1:42 PM, Rich, Joel <JR...@sibson.com> wrote:
>> Why should there be a difference if the schach is parallel or
>> perpendicular to the support beams? If it's parallel it's more mechzei like
>> a fence?
...
>> YGB

> Practical issue - -It's more likely to fall in?  But what investigation
> did they do, that the manufacturer didn't have in mind to make it a kli?

It seems that these items are not manufactured specifically to be schach.
Rather, Home Depot and other such stores consult rabbis to see if any
of their stock products qualify

Link to photos which cRc posted to Facebook depicting a recent visit
to Home Depot by Rabbis Fuerst (Agudah) and Reiss (cRc). The caption:
"Rabbi Reiss and Rabbi Fuerst at Home Depot reviewing items for Sukkos"
https://www.facebook.com/media/set/?set=a.738821869467
144.1073741846.154095451273125&;type=1
[or http://j.mp/19U9kch]



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Message: 3
From: Liron Kopinsky <liron.kopin...@mail.gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 14 Sep 2013 19:58:28 +0200
Subject:
Re: [Avodah] www.crcweb.org/SchachMatFencing2013.pdf


On Friday, September 13, 2013, Yosef Gavriel Bechhofer wrote:
> See http://www.crcweb.org/SchachMatFencing2013.pdf

> Why should there be a difference if the schach is parallel or
> perpendicular to the support beams? If it's parallel it's more mechzei like
> a fence?

I think the issue is probably that whatever is connecting the reeds isn't
kosher for schach, and by placing it perpendicular, the kosher wood is
supporting the reeds, instead of the existing strings.

Kol tuv,
Liron

-- 
Liron Kopinsky
liron.kopin...@gmail.com



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Message: 4
From: Joe Slater <avod...@slatermold.com>
Date: Sun, 15 Sep 2013 13:23:02 +1000
Subject:
Re: [Avodah] www.crcweb.org/SchachMatFencing2013.pdf


R' YYGB asked: "Why should there be a difference if the schach is parallel
or perpendicular to the support beams? If it's parallel it's more mechzei
like a fence?"

When these mats are parallel to the beams the individual poles are
supported by the string, not by the beams of the sukkah.

Good yom tov,

Joe Slater
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Message: 5
From: Micha Berger <mi...@aishdas.org>
Date: Sun, 15 Sep 2013 08:41:58 -0400
Subject:
Re: [Avodah] www.crcweb.org/SchachMatFencing2013.pdf


On Fri, Sep 13, 2013 at 01:58:34PM -0400, Yosef Gavriel Bechhofer wrote:
: See http://www.crcweb.org/SchachMatFencing2013.pdf
: 
: Why should there be a difference if the schach is parallel or
: perpendicular to the support beams? If it's parallel it's more mechzei like
: a fence?

I would think the problem is yeish lavud ba'emtza (Sukkoah 18a). If the
space between the slats runs from one end of the sukkah to the other,
it splits the sukkah into sections, none of which would have the shiur.
See the first Tosafos ad loc, "ein labud ba'emtza".

Tir'u baTov!
-Micha



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Message: 6
From: "Kenneth Miller" <kennethgmil...@juno.com>
Date: Sun, 15 Sep 2013 03:22:39 GMT
Subject:
Re: [Avodah] Pills on Yom Kippur


R' Zvi Lampel wrote:

> There are poskim who do permit caffeine pills on other fast
> days, including Tish'a B'av, for the reason you noted--it is
> not derech achilah. On Yom Kippur, however, there is the
> additional concern of the gezeyrah against taking medicine.

Good point, but it would not apply to someone who gets so weak from fasting that they are a Choleh She'Ain Bo Sakana.

Ilene Miller
(wife of Akiva Miller)
____________________________________________________________
One Weird Trick
Could add $1,000s to Your Social Security Checks! See if you Qualify&#8230
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Message: 7
From: cantorwolb...@cox.net
Date: Sun, 15 Sep 2013 08:33:51 -0400
Subject:
[Avodah] LOOK UPWARD


   We traditionally begin planning and building our Succah immediately following Yom Kippur.
   Halacha has set down many specific architectural regulations regarding the construction plan
   and material make-up of the sukkah. Among these regulations are laws pertaining to the s'chach
   which serves as the roof for the sukkah. The s'chach is required to be placed in such a fashion, 
   as the rabbis have taught: "k'dei she-yei-ru hakochavim" -- so that anyone in the sukkah may be
   able to peek through the s'chach and see the stars in the sky. The symbolism is compelling!

   I "see" it as teaching there is a lot more beyond our "temporary" earthly dwelling place, if only
   we looked heavenward and saw beyond the covering of green foliage. Succos is the only 
   holiday where we are commanded to be happy (v'somachta b'chagecha). How can a person be
   commanded to be happy? However, we have hopefully just had our sins forgiven and now we
   become aware that there is much to look forward (upward) to. This certainly can bring us happiness.

 
   A good joke also cheers us up and in thinking about the beautiful metaphor of seeing beyond the
   s'chach and being commanded to be happy, I thought of the following story: 
   A long time depressed man had undergone years of therapy and finally left his home for a trip to Florida. 
   After a great few days, he sent a postcard to his psychiatrist which read:
    Dear Doctor Cohn,
    I'm having a wonderful time and I'm so happy. WHY??

   Let us never question our happiness. Rather look upward and beyond the s'chach!




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Message: 8
From: Zev Sero <z...@sero.name>
Date: Fri, 13 Sep 2013 18:01:45 -0400
Subject:
Re: [Avodah] shma kolenu


On 13/09/2013 8:14 AM, Eli Turkel wrote:
> I found later that some of the commentaries on the Mateh Ephraim
> explain that the pasuk is in singular as the opening to shmoneh esre.

You mean the closing.

> Since in shma kolenu it is in plural it should not be said by the
> entire congrgation out loud. Instead we say that one phrase quietly
> so it is similar to being in singular

So why not say it in the singular?  We change it to the plural davka so
that it refers to all of us collectively; so why not say it aloud?


-- 
Zev Sero               A citizen may not be required to offer a 'good and
z...@sero.name          substantial reason' why he should be permitted to
                        exercise his rights. The right's existence is all
                        the reason he needs.
                            - Judge Benson E. Legg, Woollard v. Sheridan



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Message: 9
From: Micha Berger <mi...@aishdas.org>
Date: Sun, 15 Sep 2013 17:19:42 -0400
Subject:
Re: [Avodah] www.crcweb.org/SchachMatFencing2013.pdf


BTW, the star-K says it's a davar hamaamid issue even when using
monofilament "fishing line" that is not meqabel tum'ah. The maamid must
be kosher sekhakh, which vinyl isn't. (I had thought it was a meqabel
tum'ah issue only.)

See their discussion (and sources) at
http://www.star-k.org/cons-seasonal-schach.htm

Tir'u baTov!
-Micha



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Message: 10
From: "M Cohen" <mco...@touchlogic.com>
Date: Sun, 15 Sep 2013 15:24:06 -0400
Subject:
[Avodah] home depot mats


.. Why should there be a difference if the schach is parallel or
perpendicular to the support beams? 

If it's parallel, then the strings holding the slats together are holding up
the slats
If it's perpendicular, then the beams below are holding up the slats

I assume the strings are posul as a maamid (at least m'drabban)
Ie synthetic strings (posul for schach d'orisa) or cotton strings (posul for
schach m'drabban - nishtaneh)

mc





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Message: 11
From: Zvi Lampel <blimielam...@gmail.com>
Date: Sun, 15 Sep 2013 10:38:29 -0400
Subject:
Re: [Avodah] Pills on Yom Kippur


Fri, 13 Sep 2013 10:52:45 -0400
From: "M Cohen"<mco...@touchlogic.com>  wrote:

>R Shlomo Miller (Toronto) told me that although some poskim allow pills on
YK (and he doesn't protest one who relies on those poskim),
he personally doesn't doesn't agree because rov of the pill is actually
starch filler - which is a normal ma'achal...many such pills have a sugar coating... glycerin tablet are also a ma'achal....<

I don't understand. I thought the criterion is that the thing is taken not
derech achila, not that it is not a ma'achal. Are there actually two
criteria that must be met?

Zvi Lampel





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Message: 12
From: "Kenneth Miller" <kennethgmil...@juno.com>
Date: Mon, 16 Sep 2013 04:41:01 GMT
Subject:
Re: [Avodah] www.crcweb.org/SchachMatFencing2013.pdf


R' Yosef Gavriel Bechhofer asked:

> See http://www.crcweb.org/SchachMatFencing2013.pdf
> Why should there be a difference if the schach is parallel
> or perpendicular to the support beams? If it's parallel
> it's more mechzei like a fence?

This exact question was asked here two years ago by R' Moshe Gluck. You can read it here:
http://www.aishdas.org/avodah/vol28/v28n206.shtml#03

I suggested a possible answer, but it is really mostly a wild guess. You can read it here:
http://www.aishdas.org/avodah/vol28/v28n207.shtml#07

Akiva Miller
____________________________________________________________
Do THIS before eating carbs &#40every time&#41
1 EASY tip to increase fat-burning, lower blood sugar & decrease fat storage
http://thirdpartyoffers.juno.com/TGL3131/52368c564cfc8c556761st04vuc



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Message: 13
From: "Kenneth Miller" <kennethgmil...@juno.com>
Date: Mon, 16 Sep 2013 04:33:31 GMT
Subject:
[Avodah] Dimensions of a circular sukkah


If I have a sukkah which is the minimal 7 tefachim square, the diagonal
will be about 9.8995 tefachim long. (You can reach that figure either by
multiplying 7 by the square root of two, or by using the Pythagorean
Theorem to take the square root of 98.) If I use that diagonal as the
diameter of a circle, that circle will be the smallest possible circle to
enclose that square, and its circumference (calculated by multiplying the
above figure by pi) will be about 31.1 tefachim.

The above calculation shows why I was very surprised to find Mishna Berurah
634:4 (citing Beis Yosef) giving the circumference of that circle as only
29.4 tefachim. In the Shaar Hatziun there, he explains the calculation:
Seven is multiplied by 1.4 to get the length of the diagonal. That is the
diameter of the circle, and is multiplied by 3 to get the circumference.
This calculation gives 29.4.

This surprises me on several levels. First, although I do recall Chazal
using these values for sqrt (2) and for pi, my recollection is that they
did NOT take this values as exact, but usually appended the words "and a
little more". Unfortunately, I have no sources to offer; can any of the
chevra support or refute my claim?

Second, was the Chofetz Chaim's mathematics so rudimentary as to accept 3
as pi for a d'Oraisa? He was rather recent, as acharonim go. Am I expecting
too much of him?

Third, this seems like such an easy thing to check experimentally. You
don't need exact tefachim;  just make a seven-unit square-circle of any
size, and measure it. I think this point is especially strong if you look
at the perimeter of that square: The figure of 29.4 is closer to the
square's perimeter of 28 than to the circle's circumference of 31.1. Any
figure that can be surrounded by a 29.4 string is either a grossly
misshapen circle, or it is a circle that can surround a square whose sides
are about 6.62 long. That's more than a third of a tefach short!

I *am* familiar with the concept that we've often discussed here, that a
working legal system needs to incorporate estimates and calculations that
are feasible to the average person, and must sometimes choose expedient
over accurate. Still, this case seems to be rather extreme. Is 3 really an
accepted value for pi in halacha l'maaseh, as opposed to the much closer 3
1/6? Can anyone comment?

Akiva Miller
____________________________________________________________
Do THIS before eating carbs &#40every time&#41
1 EASY tip to increase fat-burning, lower blood sugar & decrease fat storage
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Message: 14
From: "Moshe Y. Gluck" <mgl...@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 16 Sep 2013 03:43:54 -0400
Subject:
[Avodah] Eating = Hefsek?


Is eating a hefsek? For example, I make a berachah on a piece of cake, and
then start davening maariv. As I'm davening, I stop every so often and take
another bite. (Forgetting the kavod hatefillah aspect - this is a
hypothetical.) Is the eating a hefsek in my birchos krias Shema?

 

KT,
MYG

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Message: 15
From: "Chana Luntz" <ch...@kolsassoon.org.uk>
Date: Mon, 16 Sep 2013 14:19:02 +0100
Subject:
Re: [Avodah] Ben Noach legal systems (was: Abortion is not


RMB originally wrote:
>> I would split this question further: there are the actual issurim of 
>> the other six mitzvos, and there is the penalty the courts are 
>> expected to mete out when implementing the 7th. Even if one holds 
>> that the legal system a Noachide society has to establish must 
>> include every din of the Beris Noach, that doesn't mean that they all
>> have to be established as dinei nefashos.

And I replied:
: This split though is not tenable, as this is specifically discussed
: in Sanhedrin 57a, and suggested as a hava mina, but the maskana appears
: to be with Rav Nachman bar Yitzchak- Azharah shelhen hu mitaten.

And RMB further replied:
> I am failing to find any mention on Sanhedrin 57a about how nakhriim are
> supposed to be judging eachother in the courts they set up.

Sorry, I think I misunderstood your passage (at the top).  It seemed to me
that RYK was postulating something along the lines of your 1. Below.  Then
you came and added to the question with you "I would split this question
further".  As I understood your further split, it was an attempt to separate
the azhara for the sheva mitzvos from the penalty - and that is why I said
that your split was not tenable, as it was discussed in the gemora, and, it
seemed to me, rejected.

But it seems from what you have now said above and below, that this was not
your "further split" - although that means that I don't understand what your
further split adds to RYK's suggestion - as far as I can see it seems now to
be discussing exactly the distinction that RYK made.

> Rather, it could well be about how our courts should be judging them. 

Does this not assumes that we are expected to take on the role of world's
policeman?  This is a huge task and yet does not appear to be contemplated
anywhere else.  Note of course in terms of a Yisrael both judging and
carrying out the sentence is a mitzvah (see Yevamos 6b, where the hava mina
is that the pasuk requiring the carrying out of the sentence when a person
is subject to a mishpat maves should even be doche shabbas).  Are you
postulating a mitzvah on us similarly to judge not only ourselves but the
rest of the world?   Our mitzvah to judge ourselves is subject to a whole
range of limitations - such as needing to be in the lishgas hagazis for the
fixed death penalties etc.  What limitations are there on any such mitzvah
in your formulation (other than one witness and one judge)?   Note also that
the Ramban appears to reject this "world policeman" idea in his explanation
of why Ya'akov was so angry with Shimon and Levi.  That is, it is not our
job to be the world's policeman - and surely even the Rambam (at most) only
understands this as being appropriate in circumstances where the world is
failing itself to set up a justice system (and, perhaps, where it was our ox
that was gored, namely vis a vis Dina), otherwise would he too not need to
list it as a mitzvah incumbent upon us if that was the position?

> But in any case, it's more about the principle of chiyuv misah and which
> aveiros generate it than the actual execution.

That is precisely the question.  Are we discussing a chiyuv misa?  Once you
start saying you are discussing a "chiyuv misa" then all any court is ever
doing is establishing the evidentiary case to allow this, and carrying out
what is required.  In order to understand the gemora as talking about a
"licence if they so choose" you need to understand this earlier gemora as
talking also about this licence, not a chiyuv misa, ie the chiyuv misa only
fixes at the point at which judgment is made, not at the point at which the
averah is actually carried out.  That is precisely the position held by the
Hagahos Ashri I brought in a previous posting - ie there is no "chiyuv misa"
hanging over any violator until they are judged in a court.  

The reason why I think most people intuitively do not read the gemora this
way, is because that is not generally the halacha for averos committed by a
Jew.  We have just finished saying the al chets, including the "al chatayim
sheanu chayavim alehem arbah mitos beis din" - if it were true that unless
and until any one of us was judged in beis din, none of us carried any form
of chiyuv misa, what is this all about?  And in addition, we have all these
other consequences - obligations to bring korbanos if b'shogeg, chiyuvim of
kares, misa beyadei shamayim etc etc, that unquestionably come by themselves
and do not need the intervention of a judicial system to make them "chal".  

But it may well be that we need to take off our "how things are understood
for Jews" hat.

> More to the point might be 57b. I first thought it was possible that R'
> Yaaqov bar Acha at the top of the amud could be taken as the start of a new
> sugya. But R' Yishmael's subsequent af al >ha'ubarin makes it clear we're
> still in the middle of discussing what earns a chiyuv misah under the 8
> mitzvos.

>Still, RYBA says that a BN is killed with 1 dayan, with 1 eid, within
> hasra'ah -- if the eid is male, even a qarov. If he talking about the
> minimum for a Noachide-7th-Law court? If so I would agree that the 7th
> mitzvah includes enforcing the other six. But not that they are obligated to
> meet out capital punishment, it could be they are licensed to if they so
> choose because the person is chayav misah.

But once you have a chiyuv misa for all the situations where it is brought
up - including geneiva of less than a shava pruta - you have an entire
population that is ruba d'ruba chayav misa, which would then mean that the
court would have the discretion to go execute for anything, because
invariably the person has done something that would obligate them in misa
and if they didn't get them for the thing they judged them on, then that
wouldn't matter, as they would surely be chayav for something else.

Rather I think that once you are discussing a licence you have to understand
it as not being a "chiyuv" misa at all but a "reshus" to kill, but only in
limited circumstances.  Ie there is a fundamental issur to kill as part of
the sheva mitzvos, but that mitzvah is limited by the permissibility to kill
for certain averos where such killing is carried out by a bone fide legal
system that contains a minimum of due process, namely 1 eid and 1 dayan.

> Or, RYBA could be saying that a court of 1 Jewish dayan may / is charged to
> execute a BN who lives in its jurisdiction on the word of one witness who
> could be any non-related man (Yehudi or >nachri).

> And so I still think there are three ways one could in principle (not
> saying any rishonim or acharonim actually take each of the three
> positions) understand the Noachide chiyuv of setting up a legal system:

> 1- to enforce the 7MBN, and RYBA is talind about non-Jewish courts having
>    license for capital punishment);

That is how I understood RYK's original suggestion.

> 2- to enforce the 7MBN *and* implement the chiyhuv misah (except in normal
>    cases of geneivaah); or

This seems often to be the understanding of the "hamon am", as I said above,
probably because if one does not think too hard about it, it seems logical
to extend the way things work for Jews to the non Jewish system. 

>3- to create their own laws as necessary for a safe society, and RYBA is
>   talking about one Jewish dayan not the 7th mitzvah.
   
>   In this 3rd position, the resulting courts could be a fulfillment of
>   this particular mitzvah even if they didn't address those of the 7
>   mitzvos which are BALM (AZ and birkhas hasheim). And it's possible
>   this particular mitzvah wouldn't need to include legally enforcing
>   border cases like euthenasia or abortion.

Within this you could have two options - that it is reshus for a Jewish
court, or an obligation.  If obligation, it seems to me to get into the
untenable position of requiring us to be the world's policeman.  If reshus,
it is hard to see on what basis we have that reshus and the non Jewish court
system doesn't (the psukim that deal with this are specified to be the
universal ones, not ones specific to us).  Which gets us back to 1.

In any event, it has been pointed out to me that R YE Henkin in Teshuvot
Ivra -- Kitvei HaGra Henkin Siman 115 page 230 in the footnote discusses this
and comes down firmly on the side of reshus, ie in accordance with the
suggestion of RYK.  I thought it worth seeing his language inside:

???? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ??"?: ??? ?? ?????? ???? ?????, ??????? ??? ???
?????? ???,  ??? ?"? ?????? (???' ??????? ??) ??????? ?' ????? ??? ?? ??
?????, ?????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ???????, ??????? ??? ?? ??? ?? ????
????? ????? ??? ??? ?? ?? ???.  ?????? ??? ??? ??? ?? ????? ???? ?????  ????
??????? ????? ??? ????? ???? (??????? ??).  ??? ?????? ??? ?? ?????, ???? ??
??? ????? ?????? "???? ???????".  ??? ????? ????? ???? ??? ??, ?????? ????
?? ????? ?"? ???? ?????, ??? ???? ????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ???? ?????
?????, ??? ?"? ???? ???? ???????.  ????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ?????
?????.   ?????? ???? ??? ????"?.  
??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????.  ??"? ?? ?????? ??? ???"?.
??? ????? ????? ???? ??? ?????, ?????"? ??? ??? ????? ???? ?? ???? ????,
?????? ???? ????? ??????? ???"? ??????? ?? ???? ???"? ???.  ?????? ??? ?????
????' ???? ?"? ??? ??"?.  ????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????.  ??? ??  ?????
???????? ??: ?? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ?????, ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ???
?????. ?????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ???.  ??? ????? ???? ???
??? ?????.  ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? -- ?? ??? -- ??? ??? ???? ?????? ????
?'.

(Here is my rough translation):

Behold I will shift here to that which is said in Chazal: Bnei Noach their
warning is their death, and they are judged with one witness and one judge,
this is according to that which is explained (in mesechet Sanhedrin 56) that
in the count of the seven commandments of bnei noach there is "laws", and
the intention is that they should be obligated to appoint judges in their
dwelling places, and to these judges there is to them the strength to judge
even with one judge and according to one witness. And the example to this
is a beit din of Israel which in a time of need can beat and punish even not
in accordance with the Torah (Sanhedrin 46). But with Israel this is only
incidentally since behold there is to them fixed halachot "and these are the
statutes", but for a non Jew it is always so, that there is permission in
their hand if they want according to the decree of the place, but indeed it
is fitting for them to establish just laws like the United States, that only
by way of a majority they can beat and punish. And it is possible to
utilise alternative types of punishments or to exempt completely. And there
are many proofs to this from the Tanach.
 And to our sorrow many are confused in the intention of the saying. And by
way of this they turn aside from Chazal.
 And so with the laws of Israel with the law of lashing for rebellion, that
the Rambam writes on this that they lash him until his soul leaves him, and
the intention is that according to the need of the time when they deny
Chazal publically there is permission for Beis Din to do this. And it is
clear in many places in Tosphos that this is according to the opinion of
Beis Din. And many, many times they exempt him completely. And that which
is said in Sanhedrin 81b one who was lashed twice they cause him to enter to
a "kipa", and it is explained in the gemora that it refers to a kipa of
precisely his height. The intention being that there is permission at times
for them to utilise a kipa such as this. But the simple explanation of a
kipa is a prison. That they take from him his freedom and his food is
restricted -- for a time, and all is according to his sin and being
straight in the ways of Hashem.

Regards
Chana


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A list of common acronyms is available at
        http://www.aishdas.org/avodah/acronyms.cgi
(They are also visible in the web archive copy of each digest.)


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